Statistics for Business and Economics Question Answers Free Essays

Sidents with a room for give and take of 1 moment, what test size ought to be utilized? Expect certainty. test size ought to be utilized 151 37. Towers Perrin, a New York human asset counseling firm, led an overview of 1100 workers at medium-sized and enormous organizations to decide how disappointed representatives were with their Jobs (The Wall Street Journal, January 29, 2003). We will compose a custom exposition test on Insights for Business and Economics Question Answers or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Delegate information are appeared in the record JobSatisfaction. A reaction of Yes demonstrates the worker firmly disdained the present work understanding. What is the point gauge of the extent of the number of inhabitants in representatives who unequivocally loathe their present work understanding? - p=473+1100=0. 43 ? Point gauge is 0. 43 At 95% certainty, what is the room for give and take? Z_O. 025 0 Margtn of mistake 0. 0293 What Is the 95% certainty stretch for the extent of the number of inhabitants in representatives who firmly loathe their present work understanding? - p? ±O. 0293 0 The 95% certainty Interval is 0. 4007 to 0. 4593 Towers Perrin gauges that It costs bosses 33% of an hourly employee’s yearly pay to discover a replacement and so much Step by step instructions to refer to Statistics for Business and Economics Question Answers, Papers

CELTA Language Task Essays

CELTA Language Task Essays CELTA Language Task Essay CELTA Language Task Essay I have picked a legitimate article, for it gives understudies taste of genuine language being used, and gives them substantial semantic information for their oblivious obtaining (Swan 1 985, p. 85). Moreover, a valid book gives students chances to encounter language as it is utilized past the study hall (Nana 1999, p. 80) rather than scripted writings. Along these lines, a legitimate book ends up being increasingly basic to LET for it ought to draw in and challenge understudies at this level. Accept there are no words that are vital to a general comprehension of the article. Ere with Harmer (2001 , p. 272) regarding pre-educating: by giving them a few or every one of those words, we deny them an opportunity to work on handling real messages. In any case, I would evoke some lexis to ensure the understudies have comprehended the content and figured out how to figure the significance from the unique situation. This anyway would be done ATA later phase of the exercise. Lead in/expectatio n: At the start of an ordinary English language exercise it is acceptable to lead-in by actuating the understudies blueprint, which is their prior information on the world (Cook, 69, 1989). By urging understudies to utilize what they as of now, the open door for language learning is boosted. I would start by showing the primary picture and the heading of the article, at that point request that the class work two by two. The understudies would be solicited to foresee what the subject from the paper article is (Appendix 1. 0). This is a very understudy focused action which makes enthusiasm for the substance of the content and enacts schemata. When the conversations calm down, class input would be accumulated. To guarantee the understudies read for substance in the following movement, would just banner up three forecasts on the board for the understudies to confirm. This stage will leave the imprints with a valid justification to peruse (Harmer, p. 288). Skimming (Reading for significance): would request that the understudies skim read the article (Appendix 2. 0) and request that they talk about two by two whether the expectations they made before were right or not before doing a class conversation. Be that as it may, to guarantee that understudies essence read just I would allow students 3 minutes, with the goal that they don't peruse the article seriously. This errand is utilized to build up the understudies sub-expertise Of perusing for significance, or skimming (Scrivener, p. 185). Additionally to improve understudies perusers, it is imperative to bring issues to light that its not constantly basic to see very word, as this could make understudies utilize their word references and interruption from perusing (Scrivener, p. 153). Perusing for additional detail (Intensive perusing In request to build up the sub aptitude of perusing for additional detail, set a progression of valid/bogus inquiries (Appendix 3. 0). The action will test whether the understudy! Increased most extreme data from the content (Harmer, p. 70). The valid and bogus exercises can fall both into perusing for explicit data and perusing for detail, along these lines it is critical to figure suitable inquiries, which will require the student to peruse to discover further detail rather than pacific snippet of data. So as to have the understudies center, they would deal with their own, underlining the selections of content where they discovered answers. When finished with perusing and noting valid/bogus proclamations, the understudies peer check and examine their answers among themselves, alluding to the featured content. Bellyacher cited in (Alison, peg. 102) states that on the off chance that there is an atmosphere of trust and backing in the homeroom, at that point the understudies ARP bound to contribute. One method of building up this is to permit pair checking of answers before open-class checking answers, the understudies will at that point be metal prone to contribute during the open class conversation. This advances informative language instructing. Besides, this would offer me a chance to screen understudy conversations. When the discussion normally calms down I would accumulate entire class criticism. Choosing an understudy and furthermore requesting that they develop their thinking, just as posing further inquiries or in any event, getting their own perspectives. This is a significant phase of the exercise, as Scrivener calls attention to an exercise without input is encouraging dhal continues forward without reference to what sway this is having on the g. 73). This is to show their commitment with the content, rather than basically noting valid/bogus articulations. This should be possible with some subsequent inquiries, as Harmer (2007, peg. 75) says, we ought to consistently ask the understudies where in the content they have discovered the appropriate response, as it incite a point by point investigation of the content. Post-perusing free conversation The last action is a free conversation, which would permit me to screen further for any blunders in importance, structure or elocution (MAP) while the understudies examine their own feelings on these developments in gatherings of four. Would initially strive a model as my own assessment to introduce the language in setting and urge understudies to communicate their contemplations on the theme. The reason for the post perusing task is to permit the understudies to use the examined jargon. I would then accumulate criticism from the class, designating bunch individuals to outlines what their group has talked about, regardless of whether they concur with the makers or not. Getting the opportunity to screen two significant conversation in the class, ought to at this stage have assembled a few blunders that the understudies have made, either with importance, structure or elocution. I have left his as far as possible, as interfering with understudy conversations to address a mistake could be humiliating, and would disturb the progression of the exercise. While, towards the finish of the exercise it is anything but difficult to catch class eye and experience a portion of the blunders together, inspiring the right MAP from the understudies, so as to allow them to address their missteps and fossil the right structure. Perusing like listening are responsive language abilities and building up these expertise: is critical to expanding understudy perception and valuation for the English language. In this way, a very much organized exercise which follows the SEA (Engage, plaster ND initiate) stages is basic to the students improvement.

Psychology Term Paper Writing Service

Psychology Term Paper Writing Service Psychology Paper Writing Psychology Essay Term Writing A good psychology paper should follow the format, which is common for all subjects. However, before you try to craft a Psychology Essay, you should be confident that you have a good command of terminology within your topic and have a perfect understanding of the topic itself. You need to be sure that you can help the reader to learn more about your topic, but you cannot do it unless you are a pro. You can develop your paper as a critical analysis of the topic, a proposal for research or a review of literature. Once you receive the topic to write your paper on, be prepared to create the best essay to meet your grade requirements. Any custom essay can be based on critical analysis. Here you can use a literature review or policy paper format. You will have to get familiar with a lot of works, in order to produce a high-quality Psychology Essay. Otherwise, it is better to buy an essay from an expert in the psychology field, who will be able to present your ideas in a comprehensive and academic manner. Do not forget that your evidence should support your argument, and not vice versa.

Mission Statement Analysis - PG Essays - 648 Words

P G In 1837, a bold new enterprise was born in Cincinnati: Procter Gamble. William Procter quickly established himself as a candle maker. James Gamble apprenticed himself to a soap maker. By 1890, PG was selling more than 30 different types of soap. To meet this increasing demand, the Company expanded its operations outside Cincinnati, with a plant in Kansas City, Kansas, followed by a plant in Ontario, Canada. As each new plant opened, PG would embark on plans for another. The research labs were as busy as the plants. Innovative new products rolled out one after another. The Company that began as a small Midwestern partnership had grown into one of America’s largest multinational†¦show more content†¦Ensuring the safety of people who use their products, and the safety of the world we all live in, has been at the heart of what PG does. The purpose statement of PG is a reflection of its past performance and future goals. The statement is short and to the point. It says only positive things about the company: what it does and where it is wants to be in the future. Procter and Gamble had been providing many countries with the high quality products for many years and they are striving to be #1 company for the years to come. PG participates in the lives of many consumers by improving existing products to complying with all laws and regulations where they are sold. In my opinion, Procter and Gamble’s Purpose Statement is written nicely, and its consistent with what company does. The company’s purpose statement doesn’t have any direct reference to the company’s ethics. Company’s ethic policy is mentioned in its booklet of â€Å"Our Values and Policies† and it reads as: â€Å"While PG competes hard to achieve leadership and business success, the Company is concerned not only with results, but with how those results are achieved. We will never condone nor tolerate efforts or activities to achieve results through illegal or unethical dealings anywhere in the world.† Putting ethics statement with the purpose statement would be too wordy, but this statement should be available to theShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Procter Analysis1005 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Procter and Gamble (P G) is one of the renowned and well-known firms in the world and specifically America and it was originated in 1837.This firm was founded by William Procter and James Gamble. In the beginning, they used to manufacture only soap and candles but as the time passed their growth in business was the remarkable effort. Procter and Gamble has become one of the biggest consumer goods company in the world. Their products are sold in over 180 countries, which include severalRead MoreMission Statement And Objectives And Intentions Of A Business1109 Words   |  5 Pages Mission Statement The mission statement displays the purpose of a company in the market. It also serves as reference for the objectives and intentions of a business. According to Kokemuller (n.d), â€Å"A mission statement offers insight into what company leaders view as the primary purpose for being in business. Some companies have profit-motivated missions, while others make customers a focal point† (para. 2). This paper will provide the mission statement developed for my chosen organizationRead MoreBusiness Management : P G1721 Words   |  7 PagesOn June 5th of 2013 PG announced that company is going through some change and made decision to group its Global Business Units (GBUs) into four industry-based sectors. Task of each of these sectors will be concentrated on share of common technologies, common consumer benefits, and face common competitors. These four industry-based sectors will be focusing on strengthening of already developed market business, maintenance of developing market momentum, production of a strong innovation pipelineRead MoreSwot Analysis : Procter Gamble Essay1001 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Procter Gamble (PG), a leader in the personal products industry relies on branding, product innovation, and delivering value and quality products to consumers worldwide. However, PG has seen stagnant growth in profits. PG is a position to reevaluate and restructure its strategy by identifying external threats and weakness which is a key step to solidifying a corporate strategy for long-term growth. This is an PEST and Five Forces external analysis of PG’s threats and weaknesses,Read MoreStrategic Planning: the Managerial Agenda1159 Words   |  5 Pagescustomer requirements translates to quality, therefore higher conformance is higher quality. Higher quality results in lower costs and increases competitiveness, leading to an increase in sales and market share, more jobs and improved profitability (p. 499). In relation to strategic planning and implementation, the consideration of quality as an overall dynamic for future success must be included in any given strategic plan. Regardless of the direction that is chosen for strategic planning, mattersRead MorePlanning Function1703 Words   |  7 Pagesand the best course of action for doing it (Bateman-Snell, 2007). The first step in the planning process is situational analysis (Bateman-Snell, 2007). According to Bateman-Snell (2008), situational analysis is: â€Å"a process planners use, within time and resource constraints, to gather, interpret, and summarize all information relevant to the planning issue under consideration† (p. 118). This step in the planning process examines the internal forces and the impact those forces have on the organizationRead MoreManagement: Planning Function Essay examples1624 Words   |  7 Pagesand the best course of action for doing it (Bateman-Snell, 2007). The first step in the planning process is situational analysis (Bateman-Snell, 2007). According to Bateman-Snell (2008), situational analysis is: â€Å"a process planners use, within time and resource co nstraints, to gather, interpret, and summarize all information relevant to the planning issue under consideration† (p. 118). This step in the planning process examines the internal forces and the impact those forces have on the organizationRead MoreStrategic Marketing1098 Words   |  5 PagesA strategic marketing plan according to Vega Rojas (2010) is â€Å"to assign and to coordinate effectively the marketing activities and resources in order to achieve the company’s goals or strategic mission (p. 3). The strategic plan must include target goals consistent with the companys mission statement, a plan for implementation, and a process for controlling and correcting deviations. Target goals are met by identifying marketing segmentation, which is targeting a specific market for a particularRead MoreThe Art And Study Of Action And Marshalling Resources For Their Most Practicable And Efficient Use1253 Words   |  6 Pageswhy you’re doing what you’re doin g (your mission), to what place you’re disquieting to go (your vision), and at which point you’re rebuilt to go approaching it (your values) are the adhesive that holds an organization together. It is an essential object to crib your strategic component and developing a strategy. You keep these elements at the same time your strategies and goals crisis and flex by the whole of the market. You make out modify your mission, delusion, or values during pioneer, but theRead MoreStrategy Formulation, Situation Analysis and Business Analysis1590 Words   |  7 PagesFormulation: Situation Analysis and Business Strategy Institut fà ¼r Strategisches Management Institut fà ¼r Strategisches Management Situational Analysis Strategy Formulation - developing a corporation’s mission, objectives, strategies and policies Situation Analysis - the process of finding a strategic fit between external opportunities and internal strengths while working around external and internal weaknesses Wheelen / Hunger, 2010, p 224 SWOT Analysis SWOT- Strengths-WeaknessesOpportunities-Threats

Gossip, Deception and Kids Essay Writing Samples

Gossip, Deception and Kids Essay Writing Samples There are a fantastic number of theories concerning extraterrestrial life. Beginning with interesting truth about your subject will grab the eye it needs. If, for example, you're writing an essay on training a dog in 5 steps, do not incorporate the initial 3 steps in one paragraph and your own personal knowledge in the conclusion. It's called short essay in the feeling that the manner a certain topic is presented is congested but still focuses on the purpose of making the audience understand the entire point of the essay. In closing, don't forget that if you're teaching writing, you're teaching an art. In any case, it doesn't matter the degree of education of your essay. Furthermore, your students will also have a chance to observe how sentences are constructed, and what grammar constructions are employed in an essay. Furthermore, you should strengthen your grammar knowledge. What You Must Know About Kids Essay Writing Sample s Essay writing can be rather a challenge. One, we apply an extremely careful range of our writers. Essay writing skills is a tough and time-consuming job. Word Walls Find a good selection of resources. There are not any dates of publication in every one of the references. Tell them, that nobody will go on reading their essays should they do not mean it is eye-catchy and clear for a possible reader. At the site of any essay writing service, you'll locate terrific guidelines and samples of various kinds of papers. As soon as you've chosen your topic, the next thing to do is to brainstorm. When you compose a quick essay, you must try to remember that there are not any elements to be sacrificed. For each and every composition, there's a fundamental structure. The end result is a hurriedly written paper which might prove to be unimpressive. 4 Outline The previous issue to do before starting to compose an essay is to produce its outline. Reach to us when you desire a good example of creative writing. Thus, there are various ways an essay can be written. As you compose the essay, make sure that you've got an introduction that captures the interest of a reader. An essay has to be composed of an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. As a writer, you compose an essay for any particular purpose. If you fret about the standard of your essay as well as you're worrying about whether you can discover a paper writer you may trust, you have arrived at the right location. Finally, your paper should have a suitable structure. Generally, students find it quite tricky to compose this portion of their essay, since they do not find out how to begin a bit of writing in order to draw readers' attention and inform them shortly about exactly what this essay is all about. Up in Arms About Kids Essay Writing Samples? Creative Essay writing is currently recognized among the most helpful activity for kids for their general personality development. To develop into an outstanding writer, you have to be creative. If you would like your kid to compose wonderful essays, you should motivate them to compose a good deal. Thus, you're in charge of that component of your child's education. You're able to employ your kid's preference for technology to inspire her or him to write. You may relish your time without having to be concerned about your grade. Don't forget to appreciate your time together and build a more powerful rapport with your children. Short essays are important when one is attempting to present an important topic without needing to compose a great deal of words or using numerous pages. Galleries give people an opportunity to demonstrate their work.

Notes on Different types of customers Free Essays

Dealing with customer complaints why do customers complain? Customers complain mainly because of bad customer service The product they received is of bad quality not happy because of the staff Delayed flights not good service untidy accommodation product they received was not as it was descriptive. Not a not seats on the plane not getting what they want queues why do organizations need to know about customer complaints? To keep their reputation keep one customer happy expand business keep customers keep business to improve o fix one problem How to deal with customers? Offer a discount or a complimentary Item such as a drink. Food item etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Notes on Different types of customers or any similar topic only for you Order Now ) or a refund If they take It further ask If want to speak to the manager Reply a. s. A. P start by apologizing Don’t interrupt whilst they are complaining Ask what’s wrong face to face offer something else e-mail written communication make it formal be sympathetic make eye contact Listen suggest the course of action check the customer is happy with the solution and ask them if there is anything else you can do for them. Keep calm keep customer informed at all times Why is It Important to resolve a complaint? O keep the customers happy so you will get customer loyalty so you don’t get a bad image/reputation of you or the organization To prevent it from happening again so I OFF quality of service they give how good their products are minimum standard of quality procedures they follow Equally With respect Fairly Friendly Welcomed well With a helpful manner NIce Politely Regardless of the customer type all customers have different needs. A hen party traveling to Lo ndon for the weekend. Transfers Accommodation Group accommodation rah reception Information on local nightlife Different types of customers Mobility Pre-boarding Disable Access Guides Wider corridors Handrails Ramps Treated with respect and equally Special seating Bigger facilities Information about excursions suitable for their needs Special cabins/accommodation specifically for the disabled Lifts Visually impaired Braille White stick Career Guide dogs Assistance Be sensitive Hearing impaired Hearing aid Hearing loop Lip reader Sign language translator Speak loud and clearly Signs Devices to help them in case of an emergency el calling people, phone ringing, fire alarm going off Cultures/Countries Health documents Leaflets in their language Maps in their language Treat them equally and with respect Helpful staff Injection Visas/Passports Currency exchange Insurance Translator Elderly/Confused Treated with respect Show empathy Speak slowly and clearly Make sure they understand the information they were confused about Communication methods best suited to the cust omers needs. Hearing – Written, Face to face (For lip readers) Visual – Telephone, Verbally Elderly – Face to face, verbally Different language – Written – diagrams How to cite Notes on Different types of customers, Papers

The Art of Neosoul free essay sample

A New Expression of Soul Music Neo Soul is a genre of music that arose in the sass from the experience of RB/ Soul music and is characterized as bringing freshness to a genre long pronounced dead (Phillip Cunningham/Bowling Green State university). As defined by the Stanford Dictionary of Philosophy, art Is modern works that appear to break radically with all traditional art and this music genre is by definition new and radically different.Considering neo soul in terms of art, I believe that this music is an expression of modern mainstream African American culture, experience, belief, and rely, the root of this ethnicity. Deferent and more artistically expressed than soul music It brings great aesthetic value to the music scene. Not Just music, but a powerful expression of deep rooted feelings through attention-grabbing and talented artist of our day. Neo-Soul is new and innovative in expressing the common culture of African American life and In its refusal to walk the conventional line. We will write a custom essay sample on The Art of Neosoul or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In what the Music Said an essay by Mark Anthony Neal, this form of music Is post-soul and is a combination of rhythm and blues, funk, rap and hip-hop and arose out of assistance to, and often times in opposition to, middle class sensibilities of respectability and norms. In Soul, the expression seems disdain and rebellion for the normal societal norms, that have been put In place by the government Influences such as Marvin Ayes Whats Going On and Lets Get it On two of his most popular pieces where he is in defiance of the current political agenda and abstinence. Neo, meaning new, or Nu brought a different vehicle of expression the experiences of the time. Though there Is much debate regarding the terms Neo-soul or Neo-classical- soul has become, In the sass and sass, more popular. Neo Soul is an extension of a culture that has a voice. The African American community in the sass as church and faith become more important to young professional Christian, Neo soul also creeps Into the Gospel music with artist such as Lisa McClellan and Leon Tomb.These Individuals express a real time acceptance and reliance on their God and expression of their faith in contemporary terms. Neo- soul music is one such singularity, which has referred the subjectivity of black people and suggested Identities embodied and disembodied, human and post- human. (Wellesley 30) Simply put. It Is a genre of music that refocuses the African American art of music. More aesthetically pleasing I think. The beauty of neo Soul has I believe redefined African American Music as an art form rather than beat for bump and grind, distrust and defiance.Such artist as : Lauren Hill, India Aria, and Jill Scott, women who have redefined lyric with bold and encouraging expression and melody that beats to the heart of the listener. In Arias Strength, Courage, and Wisdom, she speaks of positive thoughts to encourage and that these elements are internal, pointing the listener to uplift rather than what can be done in secret. As well as the song l Am Not My Hair, which counteracts bigotry and stereotypes with positive phrases and rhyme.Similarly Jill Scott, with a more rhythmic driving beat In My Petition, Scott speaks out against the American government without the hatred 1 OFF just truthful. Neo Soul music is an adaptation of Soul music as an art form and moves it too higher degree of listening pleasure. Not timid but definitely bold, but respectful of both the artist and the listener. Even the presentation of the artist in this genre is an artistic expression of the African American culture.

Basic American History essays

Basic American History essays The callow new nation of America, like other new countries who preceded and followed it, needed to prove itself to the haughty, more established nations, and ground itself as a power in economics, politics, and commerce. During the 1790s, the mature and dignified manner which America portrayed itself, and its interaction with a tyrannical leader, King George III, shaped American politics, and made foreign powers eventually recognize the importance of America as a participant in world events. In 1783, with the Peace of Paris, the United States first became an organized nation. Europe had little respect for this new country, especially Great Britain, who was still bitter about becoming a former mother country, being defeated in the American Revolution by a spirited and nationalistic, however disorganized militia. The Peace of Paris set terms for the British that they outright ignored. For example, the British were to vacate all of their posts along the frontier. They refused to do so. This what are you going to do about it? attitude made the US realize that creating a nation respected among others would be difficult. Eventually, the British did abide by the treaty, but only after some resistance by American militiamen. This new nation needed a system of government. The Articles of Confederation were drafted as a sort of outline for government. There were some problems with these Articles. Because of the tyrannical mode in which the Americans were governed by the British, the Articles provided for measures against any kind of centralized government where a single man may eventually seize power. The states formed a bond of friendship with each other, rather than becoming a Union, which would require an executive overseer. American had had enough of King-like rulers, and would work against any power or sovereignty that could morph into a kind of monarchy. ...

Definition of Clipping in Linguistics

Definition of Clipping in Linguistics In morphology, clipping is the process of forming a new word by dropping one or more syllables from a polysyllabic word, such as cellphone  from cellular phone.  In other words, clipping refers to part of a word that serves  for  the whole, such as  ad  and  phone from advertisement and telephone,  respectively.  The term is also known as a  clipped form, clipped word, shortening, and truncation. A clipped form generally has the same denotative meaning as the word it comes from, but its regarded as more colloquial and informal. Clipping also makes it easier to spell and write many words. For example, a clipped form may replace the original word in everyday usage- such as the use of  piano in place of pianoforte. Examples and Observations Some of the most common products of clipping are names- Liz, Ron, Rob, and Sue, which are shortened forms of  Elizabeth, Ronald, Robert, and Susan,  say  W. OGrady, J. Archibald, M. Aronoff, and J. Rees-Miller in their text  Contemporary Linguistics: An Introduction. They note that clipping is especially popular in the speech of students, where it has yielded forms like prof for professor, phys-ed for physical education, and  poli-sci for political science. However, many clipped forms have also been accepted in general usage: doc, ad, auto, lab, sub, porn, demo, and condo. The authors add that: A more recent example of this sort that has become part of general English vocabulary is fax, from facsimile (meaning exact copy or reproduction). Other examples of clipped forms in English include biz, caps, celebs, deli, exam, flu, gator, hippo, hood, info, intro, lab, limo, mayo, max, perm, photo, ref, reps, rhino, sax, stats, temp, thru, tux, ump, veep, and vet. Clipping Basics As noted, clipped words form through a social process, such as students preferring to use shortened forms of common terms, as noted in Contemporary Linguistics. The same kind of social forces lead to the creation of clipped words in other English-speaking countries such as Britain, notes David Crystal in The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. There are also several clippings which retain material from more than one part of the word, such as maths (UK), gents, and specs....Several clipped forms also show adaptation, such as fries (from french fried potatoes), Betty (from Elizabeth), and Bill (from William). Clipped words are not  abbreviations,  contractions, or  diminutives. True, an  abbreviation is a shortened form of a word or phrase. But abbreviations often end with a period, such as  Jan.  for  January, and are clearly understood to be stand-ins for the full term.  A contraction is a word or phrase- such as thats, a form of  that has- that has been shortened by dropping one or more letters. In writing, an apostrophe takes the place of the missing letters.  A  diminutive is a word form or  suffix  that indicates smallness,  such as  doggie  for  dog  and  Tommie  for  Thomas.   Types of Clipping There are several types of clipping, including  final, initial, and complex. Final clipping, also called  apocope, is just what the term implies: clipping or cutting off the last syllable or syllables of a word to form the clipped term, such as  info  for information and gas for gasoline. Initial clipping, also called apheresis, is  the clipping of the initial part of the beginning of the word,  also called  fore-clipping, notes the Journal of English Lexicology.  Examples of fore-clipping include  bot  for  robot  and  chute  for parachute. Complex clipping, as the name implies, is more involved. It is the shortening of a compound word by preserving and combining its initial parts (or first syllables), says  ESL.ph. Examples include: Sci-fi for  science  fictionSitcom for  situation  comedyGrandma for grandmotherPerm for permanent waveShrink for head  shrinker As you see, clipped words are not always respectful terms. Indeed, some great literary figures vigorously opposed them, such as Jonathan Swift, who made his feelings clear in the tellingly named A Proposal for Correcting, Improving and Ascertaining the English Tongue, published in 1712. He saw clipping as a symptom of barbaric social forces that had to be tamped down: This perpetual Disposition to shorten our Words, by retrenching the Vowels, is nothing else but a tendency to lapse into the Barbarity of those Northern Nations from whom we are descended, and whose Languages labour all under the same Defect. So, the next time you hear or use a clipped word, do so knowing that it is considered acceptable in English but remember that these shortened terms have a long and somewhat controversial history.

Marketing Strategies For Growth Overseas At Tesco Essay

Marketing Strategies For Growth Overseas At Tesco - Essay Example Having described the premise of marketing strategies, this report will focus on Tesco, a multinational foods retailer operating in China, the United States, India, Thailand, Malaysia and South Korea. In some regions of the world, consumers are collectivist and value tradition whilst in other operating areas, consumers are more individualistic and brand-conscious. Price elasticity is a concern depending on the socio-economic conditions in each area of operations, thus requiring customized marketing strategies for each region. The results of a recent survey identified that 67 percent of customers considered Tesco their favourite supermarket due to its value and quality focus in the marketing mix and related to how the business positions itself among international competitors (Ma, Ding and Hong 2010). Tesco operates in an oligopoly market structure where competitive activities related to marketing continue to change the focus of business activity. The foods retailing environment maintai ns considerable competitive rivalry in pricing and promotion, as well as distribution methodology in order to serve diverse customers. Because of this, Tesco must focus on the marketing mix in order to differentiate from competitors that carry rather homogenous goods for the international consumer. Tesco utilizes marketing strategies related to green environmentalism, value promotions, brand extensions, diversifying product line offerings, and e-commerce as methods to improve its competitive position and ensure higher sales volumes internationally. 2. Theoretical framework International marketing strategies are plans of action that recognize costs, efficiency, and brand value/equity associated with specific strategic objectives related to how the business wants to... This paper stresses that since the environment where Tesco operates internationally is saturated with grocer competition, the business has developed effective strategies to try to avoid price promotions common with other supermarkets. Its value agenda provides the business with considerable brand loyalty and also brand equity that can be extended to supplementary service provision. It is uniquely positioned through its e-commerce model as a value leader and through its flexibility in procurement to fit local tastes even though these costs are higher for adjusting the supply chain methodology in the home country. However, the revenue gains achieved by Tesco, which is the number one supermarket according to comparative sales, offset these costs associated with the marketing mix adjustments. Tesco may not be able to maintain its unique value-orientation against competition with the new entrants like Aldi that carry discounted goods that consumers perceive as top quality. Partnerships wi th local producers to create private label Tesco products still fulfils its corporate social responsibility objectives in its marketing strategy for relationship and value-building, but can enhance its product selection for private label introduction or extension. When it is not only pricing, but also value associated in consumer markets with private label brands, it has long-term risk potential for Tesco’s unique differentiation and positioning related to value provision. This report makes a conclusion that corporate social responsibility, too, stays away from pricing promotion and price emphasis in order to remain true to its value-conscious agenda and positioning efforts. According to results of a large sample group questionnaire, 71 percent of those targeted believed that Tesco has reasonable prices.

Foundations of Criminal Law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Foundations of Criminal Law - Assignment Example Fraud losses impact deeply or adversely almost every aspect in business. The fraud management is mainly encountered through the Deterrence, Prevention, Detection, Mitigation, Analysis, Policy, investigation and Prosecution3. Although definitions of legal insanity differs according to states, generally a person is considered insane and not responsible for a criminal conduct if, at the time of the offense, as a result of a severe mental disease or defect, he is not able to appreciate the nature and quality of his criminal act4. SET 1 Case 1 The article is about a case against a person named Lord Hanningfield who had been held guilty for using the funds of Essex County Council mainly for his own personal interests by citing false claims. It is a case of theft by false accounting. Theft is defined as a punishable offence where a person may wish to dishonestly obtain property belonging to other5. There are five elements of theft which are appropriation, property, belonging to other, with the intention of depriving the other permanently and dishonesty6. Theft by false accounting arises when a person dishonestly destroys or falsifies an account or any record required for an accounting purpose. Also if the information furnished by the person, who may be required by any accounting purpose, is untrue by the knowledge of the person, it is also known to be theft arising out of false accounting7. False accounting is used to obtain more funds from the banks or related institutions8. In the article Lord Hanningfield was found guilty of using the funds of Essex County Council by submitting receipts and claims which were found to be false. It was found that he had provided false details about his travel expenditures to draw money out of the council. He had submitted a receipt of ?500 for traveling which was found to be false. He also used the facility of a chauffeur driven car provided by Essex County Council to his home when the distance was only of 46 miles. The normal allowa nce level is ?174 for a single night without a receipt. Lord Hanningfield had repeatedly violated this provision. He had booked for airfares to India and hotels outside London which were booked by others. Also, it was found that Lord Hanningfield was in full knowledge about the false claims when it was being committed. This is a case of fraud caused by theft in accounting as it satisfies the five elements for causing a theft a well as accounting inappropriately that is caused intentionally. However, Lord Hanningfield claim that he had used the money which he is entitled to does not provide a clear picture of theft. The above mentioned law does not explain this clause as whether the defendant had utilized his rights or it was a fraudulent behavior. The article is insufficient to deduce if it was fraud by abuse of position. There are statutory conditions against fraud caused by theft of false accounting. On conviction, the accused can be sentenced to imprisonment for a term not exceed ing seven years 9. Case II In this case of fraud, the wife of a policeman was alleged of taking part in a ?10 million mortgage scam for the exchange of the high value goods. This is the case of fraud by false representation. A person is said to be in violation of this law if he person makes a false representation through dishonest means, for the intentions of reaping gains for him or

Strategic Analysis Of John Lewis Partnership Limited Marketing Essay

Strategic Analysis Of John Lewis Partnership Limited Marketing Essay The following report will provide a detailed analysis of John Lewis Partnership. The retailer has been very successful in the UK and has performed extremely well in spite of more negative financial issues and other dynamics impacting upon the retail sector at large, predominantly in light of declining consumer income, technological advances such as the internet and increased competition. The reason the company was able to achieve these was because of their commitment towards their clients in providing innovative solutions as well as improved awareness of customer needs and the significance of creating a reliable customer base which ensures positive word-of-mouth and the company has achieved this due to its commitment to providing innovative solutions to clients as well as a heightened awareness of customer needs and further recommendations to increase new revenue streams through an appropriate CRM system in place. Therefore, the reports provides an evaluation of the companys current marketing environment assessing how the external factors impact the retail sector largely and specifically on the strategies that John Lewis chooses to adopt. The report will also evaluate the strengths and weaknesses as well as the threats and opportunities that the company is presented with and how best it can achieve a match with its own internal capabilities to the dynamics at play. The report will also look at how the John Lewis brand and customer proposition is placed in the UK market in comparison to other competitors, with an attempt to provide understanding in to how the company gains advantage through differentiation from other competitors, essentially highlighting how the company implements a differentiated strategy which allows it to maintain advantage. At the same time, the analysis has drawn attention to how the uncertainty which prevails and the continuous rate of change in the external market highlights the implications of continuous observation and continuous re-evaluation of the strategic options applied. Ultimately, the aim is to provide recommendations as to how the company can increase the probability of its advantage over the longer term. The John Lewis Partnerships 81,000 Partners own the leading UK retail businesses John Lewis and Waitrose. Our founders vision of a successful business powered by its people and its principles defines our unique company today. The profits and benefits created by our success are shared by all our Partners (John Lewis, 2012). Write the report as if you were working for an external management consultancy firm, reporting to the Board of Directors of your chosen company. The report should contain sections that address ALL of the main aspects of the module syllabus: that is the report should cover both strategic analysis (internal and external) and strategy formulation. It is essential that in undertaking your research and writing your report you make appropriate use of the strategic management tools and models to conduct internal and external strategic analysis and strategy formulation that you have encountered in this module. Credit will be given for analysis, evaluation and synthesis, and the appropriate selection and use of strategic management tools and models. 2.0 Introduction This report will discuss the strategic management tools demonstrating skills of analysis evaluation and synthesis of John Lewis. The report includes strategic analysis and an External Environmental analysis. The report also covers the strategy formulation in which the SWOT analysis and BCG Matrix will be discussed. John Lewis Partnership plc is one of the UKs top ten retail businesses. They operate amongst 2 sectors known as John Lewis and Waitrose. The company offers food as well as household products i.e. baked foods, fresh fruit veg, wines, household items, furniture, electronic items etc. The company functions in a chain of 287 Waitrose supermarkets, 39 John Lewis shops that include 30 departmental stores and 8 of them at home John Lewis stores. The company operates throughout the UK and is headquartered in London, they sell their products through retail stores, catalogues, and websites. The companys strategic focus is to accomplish its non-core business strategies through partnership with other firms. There are around 81,000 employees working in John Lewis stores who are partners in the business, they have a share in the companys profits and are given the opportunity to participate in the companys progress and growth. This is their unique source of competitive advantage as it encourages staff loyalty through being business partners (John Lewis 2012) 3.0 Strategic analysis 3.1 Mission statement The mission of an organisation highlights the broad directions they need to follow and provides a brief summary of the values and reasons that lie behind it (Lynch 2012). Like other organisations John Lewis also have a mission statement, it highlights their reputation established through their ownership structure as it is unique and they are very successful in being a profitable business. John Lewis aim to keep their staff satisfied so that their business can be a success. Their strategy is based on three key elements partners, customers and profit. (Refer to appendix 1) to see their full mission statement. 4.0 External Environmental analysis 4.1 PESTEL Analysis The PESTEL analysis examines the macro-environment in which the business exists in. It is a helpful tool for understanding market growth or decline as well as the position, potential and the direction for business. It is also used for evaluating the Political, Economic, Social Technological, Environmental and Legal factors that a business operates in. The Political factors discuss government regulations such as employment laws, environmental regulations, tax policy and political stability. The Economic factors affect the cost of capital and purchasing power of an organisation. These factors also include economic growth, interest rates and inflation. The Social factors impact customers needs, potential market size such as John Lewiss goods and services, population growth and age demographics. Technological factors of John Lewis will discuss barriers to entry, making or buying decisions, investment and innovation and the technological change. Environmental factors include weather, clim ate and climate change. Climate change affects how John Lewis operates and the products they offer. Lastly Legal Factors include discrimination law, employment law and health and safety law. These factors can affect the way John Lewis operate their costs and the demand for their products. 4.2 Macro- environmental Factors It is commonly known, that those prevailing in the external environment of any firm shall have a significant influence in terms of decision making in the strategic options. Such analysis is known as PESTEL analysis and usually suggested as the first stage in the strategic planning process (Lynch, 2006). As Johnson et al (2008, pg.56) rightly declared, The key drivers for change are environmental factors that are likely to have a high impact on the success or failure of strategy. (Refer to appendix 2) to see the PESTEL analysis for John Lewis. It can be concluded that each factor of the PESTEL has had an effect on John Lewiss actions, some of them are now stated in their mission statement. Previous factors are used to analyse different factors, furthermore, these factors can give a prediction for the future, so can be quiet effective if they are applied correctly. There are also some restrictions in this model, e.g. when the procedure of the checklist is applied to John Lewis it may be tough. The emergent corporate strategies may well comment that the future is so uncertain that prediction is useless (Lynch 2012 page 84), however, some may still give words of caution but still predict the future. The PESTEL analysis isnt the only framework that John Lewis take into consideration, their organisation has many other internal and external factors that also have an effect on the strategy formulation, this is why Porters five Forces framework is applied. The PESTEL analysis has a lot of information but yet doesnt offer a detailed analysis of the business. Porters Five Forces (1985) observes factors that have an impact on competition in the organisation. 4.3 Strategic Options The external analysis undertaken has underlined how the focus and the landscape of the UK retail sector has changed dramatically over the last decade or so. Such developments clearly present both threats, primarily from new entrants and modes of distribution, as well as opportunities such as the increasing utilisation of technology within the current offering to customers. As Johnson et al (2008, pg.3) highlights, strategy is about exploiting the strategic capability of an organisation, in terms of its resources and competences, to provide competitive advantage and/or yield new opportunities. However, many competitors in the retail sector at large have managed to expand into other range of products as well as expanding internationally, John Lewis seems to have adopted a more thoughtful approach and stayed loyal to its customers as well as confident in terms of its offering to the market. At the same time it has also developed a wide range of products as a lower price range to attract more customers across a wider range of segments in society. In times of economic uncertainty this also appears to be a sensible strategy in terms of situations where its loyal customer base may be experiencing declines in disposable income, thus enabling John Lewis to maintain their business through customers trading down to less expensive ranges in store. The recent introduction for its Essential Waitrose Range in 2009 was both a reaction to external events including activities of competitors but was viewed as an effective strategy highlighting the companys attention to external research as well as its innovative approach to dealing with such negative events. Furthermore, Porter put forward the idea that there were three generic strategies; cost leadership strategy, differentiation strategy and the focus strategy, which companies follow. It is clear that John Lewis has embraced a combination of these, but essentially, differentiation has remained key to its business model which positions more favourably when compared to other competitors, particularly given the range and extent of the goods and services it provides as well as its highly effective branding and promotional events which appeal directly to customers and incite purchase. Its decision to introduce its Essentials range within its Waitrose stores may have been considered by some as an indication it was lowering its standards, but on the contrary, despite offering a cheaper alternative, quality remained key which ultimately implied that its position in the market would not be negotiated. 4.4 Porters Five Forces Porters Five Forces framework highlights that the environment John Lewis is competing in is constantly changing, (refer to appendix 5). In this model it is believed that customers dont have more importance than any other aspect, however Aker, Baker and Harvey Jones argue that customers are more important than any other aspect of strategy development (Lynch 2012). Porters Five Forces of competition (1985) is a common tool often applied within the strategic management process to firms across several sectors. It is similar to the PESTLE analysis as it takes a predominantly external perspective of the firm within its given industry looking at how it is positioned against other competitors in the same sector. Recently many have criticised the ensuring importance of the framework given the changes that have risen, particularly with regard to the diversification of business which has ultimately created blurring across many previously distinct sectors. This is emphasized by the supermarkets entering into the clothing and electronics sector for example, as well as retailers including John Lewis expanding into financial services through insurance and credit facilities to customers. Barney (1995) and Henry (2008) underlined how Porters model is more helpful when it is applied at a strategic business unit level rather than at higher levels of industry analysis such as the sector at large as it cannot be expected that all competitors will be competing against one another. This tool is also believed to be useful in terms of assessing a companys strengths and weaknesses in light of how it stacks up against competition. As Barney (1995, pg.49) highlights, A complete understanding of sources of competitive advantage requires the analysis of a firms internal strengths and weaknesses as well. The importance of integrating internal with environmental analyses can be seen when evaluating the sources of competitive advantage of many firms. Looking at Porters five forces of competition, it is clear that John Lewis has attempted to not to just react to the external dynamics and actions of competitors, but actively be a step ahead. It has constantly adapted its business model, such as the introduction of store cards, its online offering and the Waitrose Essentials range in order to provide its business with a more appropriate fit to the market in line with Mintzbergs (1994) theory. A major element of its strategy however, is its reputation, branding and subsequent positioning in the market and how consumers view the business in its entirety. It has remained rather committed to its original proposition and further enhanced its appeal through appropriate branding and its reputation for quality and enhanced service to customers. 5.0 Internal Resource analysis 5.1 Value analysis chain StratISTh3 Source: Porter, Competitive Advantage, 1985 The term Value Chain was used by Michael Porter (1985), the purpose of the value chain is to analyse the activities that are performed by the business, linking them to the competitive position. It also evaluates the particular activities to see which add value to the businesses products or services (quickmba 1999-2010) While many critics and leading authorities dispute the validity of Porters earlier theories, many of his ideas do still appear useful from the perspective of strategic analysis, particularly the notion of the value chain. Ultimately, it is within the value chain which John Lewis has created that it has succeeded in terms of sustaining advantage in its market sector. It has created efficiencies and synergies through the interrelationships within (Mintzberg and Ghoshal, 2003). Value Chain Analysis which is often compared to the RBV of the firm as it looks to both internal and external dynamics impacting an organisation. In recent years importance has also been given to joint ventures, collaborations and relationships which add value to the companys positioning. Elements of the chain such as HR which were previously considered as supporting elements are now viewed as core and this is demonstrated by John Lewis in terms of its commitment to and investment in staff. By enhancing the quality of its internal resources it can achieve distinctive competencies which are difficult to emulate by other competitors (Teece et al, 1997; Terwiesch and Ulrich, 2009). As Porter (1985, pg.36) emphasises, the way it performs individual activities are a reflection of its history, its strategy, its approach to implementing its strategy, and the underlying economics of the activities themselves. 6.0 Strategy formulation 6.1 SWOT Analysis: John Lewis Partnership A SWOT analysis is a useful tool for understanding and decision-making, businesses such as John Lewis use this tool in all sorts of situations, a SWOT summarizes the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. This framework covers a crucial part of the strategic planning process a scan of the internal and external environment. Strength, Weaknesses are considered to be internal to the business whereas, Opportunities and Threats are part of the external environment. Looking at the SWOT analysis (refer to appendix 6) it can be concluded that John Lewis take this tool into consideration when making business decisions based on their customers. However, John Lewis need to expand their target audience because at the moment they are only targeting an older audience need to improve the diagnostic power of a SWOT analysis is to define the elements from a customer perspective rather than the organizational point of view. (Baker 2007, pg.267). By doing this they will generate a higher profit margin. If john Lewis wants to stay ahead of their competition they need focus on their weaknesses such as they need to ensure their prices are similar to their competitors. Also John Lewis need to focus on threats the business may have to face but they can avoid such matters by acting upon the threat before it occurs. Although the SWOT analysis tool is useful to businesses when making decisions, it has been criticized due to its simplicity and possible misleading approach to strategic analysis. This is because companies have failed to follow a few simple procedures. The SWOT analysis is a focused methodology (Baker 2007), therefore, when John Lewis the using this tool they need to ensure they are able to follow correct procedures of this tool to ensure they are able to achieve success. 6.2 BCG Growth-share Matrix The Boston Consulting Group (BCG) growth-share matrix was developed by Bruce Henderson, founder of BCG, in the late 1960s (Baker 2007, pg.125). The BCG Matrix is a simple tool used to assess a companys position in terms of its product range. It simplifies how a companys thinks about the products and services and makes decisions about which it should keep and let go and which products to invest in further. It provides a useful way of seeing the opportunities that are open to the company and also helps to consider how the company can maximise the profits in the future. Below is the BCG Matrix for John Lewis, highlighting where in the market the different departments of John Lewis are positioned. John Lewis was voted Britains best retailer in 2009 and have won awards House Beautiful Awards 2008: Online Home Retailer of the Year Gold Award (washerhelp 2012), making them leaders in departments such as House and Garden, Electrical Appliances, Fashion, Gifts and Toys. They now have a high growth and a high market share in this segment, thus putting them in the star category. Further, technology and baby departments are between the star and question mark category this could be due to high growth and market share or high growth and low market share as they are faced with high demands but have low returns. Moving on to the sport department as it is in the cash cow category, as a markets it isnt growing but yet the market share for the products is high. Looking at the final category it can be said that John Lewis are safe as there isnt any products in the dog category. The BCG Growth-Share Matrix 7.0 conclusion Overall, the company has responded admirably to the changing dynamics impacting upon its market and customers, it is also clear that going forward, more challenges and threats shall be presented to it, particularly given persistent uncertainty relating to the global economy as consumer confidence within the UK. It would appear that in addition to a thorough and consistent approach to its markets in relation to external analysis of those factors deemed to impact most significantly; the company also adopts an internal approach, evaluating its inherent resources and competencies within the business. In line with the resource based view of the firm (Barney, 1991) and subsequent research by other authors such as Grant (2005), this analysis is often viewed as a more appropriate approach to the task of strategic management as ultimately, organisations have much more control over their internal resources than external market variables. Such an approach enables companies to incite the innovat ion process and thus create change in the wider environment as well as improvements to its value chain. This appears to be exactly what John Lewis has done to date through its expansion into other areas, as well as extending its range to customers through on-line facilities as well as credit, insurance etc. References Arnold, G. (2012). Corporate financial management. 3d. ed.Essex: Prentice Hall. Baker M (2007). Marketing strategy and management. 4th ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Barney, J. and Hesterly, W.S., 2008. Strategic Management and Competitive Advantage: Concepts and Cases: International Edition. London: Prentice Hall. Barney, J.B., 1991. Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management; 17, (1) Chloe. (2012). ANALYSIS Waitrose and John Lewis move closer together, offline as well as online. Available: http://internetretailing.net/2012/11/analysis-waitrose-and-john-lewis-move-closer-together-offline-as-well-as-online/. Last accessed 20th Nov 2012. Davey, J and Laurance, B (2008). John Lewis under fire: how the City turned against Rose. The Sunday Times. 16 March 2008, p.12-13 The Economist (2012). A Rose by any other name. A retailing star ticks off investors at an awkward time. 13 March 2012, p58-60 The Economist (2012). The world in figures: industries. The world in 2012. p124, 126 Gartner. (2011). Gartner Identifies the Top 10 Strategic Technologies for 2011. Available: http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1454221. Last accessed 25th Nov 2012. Grant, R.M., 2005. Contemporary Strategy Analysis. London: Wiley-Blackwell Henry, A., 2008. Understanding Strategic Management. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Johnson, G, Scholes, K and Whittington, R, 2008. Exploring Corporate Strategy. London: Prentice Hall. Keynote, 2008. Clothing Manufacturing, Keynote. Keynote, 2009. Clothing Retailing. Keynote Levitt, T, 1983. The Globalization of Markets. Harvard Business Review, May-June. Lewis J. (2012). John Lewis Partnership. Available: http://www.johnlewispartnership.co.uk/about.html. Last accessed 18th Nov 2012. Lynch R (2006). Corporate strategy . 4th ed. Harlow: Prentice Hall. Lynch, R (2012). Strategic Management .6th ed. Harlow: Pearson Mintzberg, H., Quinn, J., and Ghoshal, S, 2003. The Strategy Process. London: Prentice Hall Mintzberg, Henry, 1994. The Rise and Fall of Strategic Planning: Reconceiving the Roles for Planning, Plans, Planners. New York: Free Press Nugent, H and Hawkes, S (2012). George follows Jeremy Paxman as John Lewis faces another brief challenge. 20 March 2012. www.timesonline.co.uk (Accessed 24/11/2012) Ohmae, Kenichi, 1989. Managing in a Borderless World. Harvard Business Review, May-June. Porter, M., 1979. How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy. Harvard Business Review, March/April. Porter, M.E., 1980. Competitive Strategy. New York: The Free Press. Porter, M.E., 1985. Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. New York: Free Press. QuickMBA. (1999-2010). The Value Chain. Available: http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/value-chain/. Last accessed 20th Nov 2012. Reynolds, A., 2012. John Lewis Partnership on Target to Cut Emissions. Supply Management, 17 October, available at http://www.supplymanagement.com/news/2012/john-lewis-partnership-on-target-to-cut-emissions/, accessed 12/11/12 Teece,D.J., Pisano, G. And Shuen, A., 1997. Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management. Strategic Management Journal, Vol.18, No.7, pp.509-533. Terwiesch, C. and Ulrich, K., 2009. Innovation Tournaments: Creating and Selecting Exceptional Opportunities. Boston: Harvard Business Press. Washerhelp. (2012). John Lewis. Available: http://www.washerhelp.co.uk/Retailers/John-Lewis.html. Last accessed 20th Nov 2012. Appendix 1 John Lewis mission statement The John Lewis Partnerships reputation is founded on the uniqueness of our ownership structure and our commercial success. Our purpose is the happiness of all our members, through their worthwhile, satisfying employment in a successful business, with success measured on our ability to sustain and enhance our position both as an outstanding retailer and as a thriving example of employee ownership. With this in mind, our strategy is based on three interdependent objectives Partners, customers and profit. Appendix 2 PESTEL Analysis for John Lewis Political Factors John Lewis operates within the UK market and therefore changes in the policy related to the governance of UK business, as well as advanced policies in the context of the UK, have an impact on the business. The laws and codes of conduct relating to ethical business practices and CSR initiatives particularly impact John Lewis. Subsequently, there has been conscious effort on the role of the retailers to combine relevant Codes of Conduct concerning the supply chain as well as giving a guarantee to customers that have been sourced in an ethical manner. It is likely that changes such as this will continue to impact going ahead but at the same time as this, pricing will be raised as a concern for the retailers as margins will certainly be eroded as prices are put higher, epically where the products may be obtained from developing markets. Economic factors It is obvious that economic factors have a major effect on the strategy implemented by John Lewis; such factors have had a negative impact on the UK. However, when the government took the decision to decrease the VAT rate temporarily in 2008 due to financial crisis, this had a direct positive impact on the retail sector. The company faced major setbacks in relation to its revenue and performance in 2001. The company was successful in reversing its fortunes through a complete re-evaluation of its supply chain practices; they improved the company model so that it met the needs of customers. The company is still conscious that the confidence levels of customers are slightly unstable, this is highlighted in its current financial results, (refer to appendix 3). Such uncertainty has an obvious impact on which strategies companies can follow and directly influences which marketing strategy John Lewis decide to apply in relation to pricing, advertising and other variables of the mix. Increas ed global uncertainty also influences their operations which are mainly UK based. This is especially true regarding the price of raw materials that has been changed considerably over the past few months, with products such as cotton, coffee and oil being a great concern. Such fluctuations put pressures on retailers as well as customers whereby margins shall be reduced and costs passed on to consumers who may in fact seek cheaper alternatives as their own incomes may decline. A full appraisal of all elements of the supply and distribution chain is needed to ensure that efficiencies are being formed and improvements are made to the overall value chain (Porter, 1980; 1985). This may also clarify the companys latest challenges in integrating its business with Waitrose, John Lewis are becoming much more aligned over the past months (refer to appendix 4) Events overseas such as Spain and Greece could also have more implications for the sourcing policies the company accepts as well as its foreign currency payment methods etc. to suppliers given the weakening Euro currency. Social Factors Social factors for John Lewis are very important across the business as they are considered to have a direct effect on how successful the customer behaviour is and the preference towards the items or brands. While many have pointed out that overtime as consumers we have slowly become more similar across country borders (Ohmae, 1989; Levitt, 1983), latest indications actually highlight much divergence in consumer buying habits. Much of this might also be attributed to progress in internet trading whereby consumers have further choice as well as getting updated and having more knowledge about the alternatives available in the market. This has increased the competition which has therefore, put pressure on prices, mostly in the case of stores as there are much higher fixed costs involved. Another major progress relating to the retail sector in the UK has been the success of the supermarket chains in growing into non-food items with shares of the clothing market increasing every year from competitors such as Asda, Tesco, and Sainsburys. a report from Keynote in 2009 outlined how supermarkets share of the clothing market increased from around 10% in 2000 10 23% in 2008, and this expansion is likely to continue as the major multiples devote increasing amounts of floor space to non-food items such as clothes such growth has completely changed the retail space in the UK and certainly, many have attributed the demise of many High Street incumbents directly to the strategies pursued by supermarkets. At the same time, it is also clear that John Lewis has followed somewhat of a different method and thus located itself apart from these competitors and is seen being more exclusive, of higher quality as well as providing higher levels of service to customers. Technological Factors It is impossible to ignore the progress that occurred in technology over the decade or so. Such advances have completely changed and improved all features of the supply and distribution chain particular with regard to online shopping. Over the past few months John Lewis have become more of this and adapted its business model appropriately so that they are capable of understanding customer expectations, with regards to convince and availability. Another major development has been the increasing use of media and subsequent positive word-of-mouth recommendations. Such tools are viewed by companies as an important ingredient to their overall strategy, not just in terms of communicating with customers but also in gaining further knowledge through customer feedback which can assist them in gaining further knowledge through customer feedback which can assist them in engaging more with their customer base and addressing any potential problems or other threats. Technology is considered as pro viding more choice to customers but increasingly is being embraced within the overall customer management strategy and is likely that this will intensify going forward and further facilitated by new developments such as improvements in text analytics and the capture of real-time data (Gartner, 2011) Environmental Factors Making the right long term decision is one of John Lewiss founding principle, environmental sustainability is key to this approach. There are programmes, processes and targets in place to ensure that environmental commitments are delivered (John Lewis 2009) John Lewis recently revealed new plans where their key aim is to cast their CO2 emissions to 15% by 2020 (Reynolds, 2012) Legal Factors John Lewis is also impacted by changes to employment regulations as well as procedures guarding trading standards. Over the recent years many retail competitors such as Primark and Gap have been negatively criticised due to concerns on the unethical sourcing and manufacturing of products. Primark, a leading High-street label attracted unpleasant headlines in the media in response to claims they were using child labour, consequently affecting their position in the market. Other changes in the economic framework of overseas markets on which John Lewis depends on depend on

Attitdues on Housework Essay

?The roles of women and men have been very stereotypical in the past. Women were made to cook and clean, and men were made to work, and bring home money to support their families. Today, there is more of an equal division of housework. When comparing my parents to my grandparents I especially notice a difference between the amounts of cooking that is being done. Women work more than ever, men find cooking more interesting, and the stereotypes of the typical man and woman are not the same anymore. Men are continuing to cook more than ever, while females are cooking less than ever, because of the changing society. My parent’s generation is very different from my grandparent’s generation. When my father was growing up my grandma did all the cooking, and because of that my Grandpa never had to cook, so he never learned. My grandma worked a part time job and my grandpa worked full time. It was known that supper would be on the table every night at 6 waiting for my grandpa when he got home from work. In today’s society, in order to make ends meet, it is necessary for women and men to both have full time jobs. In my house, the one who is the first one home from work does the cooking. Very often my parents are also taking turns driving me and my brother to different sports, so meals are sometimes rushed. My mom cooks less than my grandma, but my dad cooks far more than my grandpa ever did. Men cook more than ever because women cook less than ever and there needs to be a happy medium. Years ago women did most of the cooking for many reasons, but the main reason was because that’s what they were stereotypically supposed to do. Today, that stereotype has almost vanished. In fact, most women are insulted by the old house wife title, so they don’t like to cook as much to escape it. Most women today can’t cook to the same standard that their mothers did. This is because women also want to be successful in the work force, so they are busier, and have less time to spend on cooking. Men, on the other hand, work no more than their spouse, so they have no choice but to help out with household chores. They might also remember what their mother’s cooking was like, so that inspires them. Men have more time than their father’s did to spend on cooking. My dad, along with a lot of men would rather cook than clean. In today’s society men have to help out around the house, because women don’t have time to do everything like they used to. Cooking is far more enjoyable than cleaning, there is a finished product that you can enjoy, it is calming, and you can experiment and try new things. These are just a few reasons to why more men may enjoy cooking. I know my dad would rather cook than wash the floors. Since my dad chooses cooking over cleaning my mom does a lot of the other housework resulting in her to cook less than usual. Social media inspires men and women in different ways. My dad loves watching the food network. These TV shows, with chefs that are males, inspire him to be handy in the kitchen. They almost make cooking seem cool because it is something different for men. Men like to always prove that they can do anything, so being a great cook is something they strive for because it can set them apart from other men. TV shows like Oprah inspire women to be different than the average woman. They don’t want to be the typical stay at home mom. Instead they want to be successful business ladies, and change the world. These television shows inspire men and women to be different than the traditional roles their parents played. The end result of this social effect is an increase in cooking for men and a decrease in cooking for women. Today’s changing society doesn’t allow for men to be the bread winners and for females to be the bread maker. Instead, each gender does a bit of both. This affects both genders’ roles and attitudes towards cooking. In most households, to maintain a stable living condition, men need to help their wives with housework. Men find cooking more interesting than cleaning, they have more time for it than ever, and they find it challenging and rewarding. Women have less time for cooking due to their busy schedules, they don’t want to be the stereotypical housewife, and instead they want to be successful in the work force. All of these social factors explain why men are cooking more than ever while females are cooking less than ever.

Identification of Ethical and Legal Dilemmas - 1689 Words

ETHICAL DILEMMA In the current scenario, my client has been experiencing severe depression and suicidal tendencies. Through diagnosis, I have come to learn that she had been involved in a romantic relationship with her previous counselor during the counseling period. She also claims hat she has been having suicidal feelings since the romantic relationship was terminated six months ago. She accepts responsibility for the romantic relationship. It is to be seen what ethical and legal dilemmas are apparent in this case and how they can be resolved by the application of professional and ethical standards along with relevant legal standards. Identification of Ethical and Legal Dilemmas The first ethical dilemma that is evident in this case is whether it was ethical for the client and her former therapist to engage in a romantic relationship during the course of her treatment. The ethical argument goes against the romantic relationship because the relationship of client and therapist is one where the therapist holds greater influence and power over the client. He knows the personal problems and confidential issues of the client and may use them against her to exploit her during the relationship or after it. This is addition to the risk that emotional involvement with a client may cause the impartiality and objectivity of the diagnosis and analysis of her case to suffer. Even though the client assumes responsibility or encouraging the romantic relationship, the former therapistShow MoreRelatedGame of Ethics Eth/316 Essay907 Words   |  4 PagesThe Ethics Game Dilemma Ethics 316 September 30, 2012 The Ethics Game Dilemma The Ethics Game Simulation is a tool created to teach how the decision-making process affects various stakeholders, and the ethical value of the decision determinations. Business organizations have encountered new challenges of ethical awareness with the increased globalization of industries and markets. People of many cultures, social statuses, and religions are joined in various business opportunities and projectsRead MoreEthical Framework : Decision Making Process Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Framework to Decision-making Process Slide 2: Introduction All employees (including the company executives) should be guided by moral principles and ethical values when making decisions (Balc Simionescu, 2012). The ability of executives to make ethical decisions can be influenced by their cognitive bias (Zeni, Buckley, Mumford Griffith, 2015). Utilitarianism is one of the frameworks that can be used to address ethical dilemmas. Utilitarianism holds that decision makers should take alternativesRead MoreEthical Decision Making Model Analysis797 Words   |  4 PagesEthical Decision Making Model Making sound ethical decisions require an intentional process that utilizes thoughtful reflection, supervision/consultation, and action. Many ethical decision making models exist and the seven-step model introduced by Forester-Miller and Davis (1996) is a succinct amalgamation of these earlier models. The model by Forester-Miller and Davis (1996) follows seven progressive steps: (a) identify the problem, (b) apply the ACA Code of Ethics (2014), (c) determine the natureRead MoreEthical Dilemmas : Ethical Dilemma1418 Words   |  6 Pageshealthcare clinicians have or will encounter ethical dilemmas during their clinical operations. Consequently most of them get not training on how to solve the situation. The clinical professionals should be trained on how to resolve ethical dilemma cases, since they are vulnerable to this kind of cases. Ethical dilemmas affect the psychological decisions one makes since they dread transgressing on other imperative moral decisions. Cases of ethical di lemmas affect almost every person regardless of theirRead MoreThe Case Of Will The Real Lupe Garza Please Stand Up899 Words   |  4 PagesThe ethical dilemma in the case of â€Å"Will the Real Lupe Garza Please Stand Up† is whether or not to hire Carmen Mendoza for a permanent full-time position at RW Printing after it is revealed that she unlawfully used the identity of â€Å"Lupe Garza† to gain legal status for employment purposes. If Carmen is not hired for the position, she will not be able to support her children as the sole caretaker and provider. If Carmen is hired, RW Printing could potentially face a multitude of legal repercussionsRead MoreEssay on Hrm542 Week 2 You Decide1243 Words   |  5 PagesWeek 2: The Healthcare Facility and Staff – You Decide Health Rights and Responsibilities HSM542 September 16, 2012 I. Identification The dilemma is that Mrs. Margie Whitson a patient at Golden Oaks Rehabilitation Center is going through some very hard times after just loosing her son William about a week ago. She has also had to deal with loosing her husband in the past 5 years leading up to this. She is also reflecting back to when she lost her first son to aRead MoreHsm 542 You Decide Week 2 Essay775 Words   |  4 PagesHealth Rights/Responsibility 03/15/2014 Week 2 You Decide Assignment Identification After going through the case of Margie Whitson, the dilemma is the fact that Margie is looking to have her pacemaker removed which will in turn would end her life. So far, Margie Whitson has had a rough year and has come to the decision that she wants her pacemaker deactivated because she believes it is delaying her death. Her pacemaker is the only thing keeping her heart beating at this point. But even at thatRead MoreSituation Analysis and Problem Statement: Global Communications1644 Words   |  7 Pagessimple. The context of the paper will examine the Case Study of Global Communication and start with a situation analysis by providing a brief background of the scenario, identify the issues and opportunities, explore stakeholder perspectives and ethical dilemmas. Continuing through the problem definition guidelines a Problem Statement will be developed and End State Goals will be identified. Situation Background (Step 1) The telecommunications industry is becoming more competitive as cable companiesRead MoreThe Plan Of Organizational And Operational Structure Of A Given Entity ( Bernard 2012 )1379 Words   |  6 Pagesinvolvement of various aspects of the social and economic world that includes the environment resources and people makes the task of managing project/program even more difficult (Kerzner 2011). These aspects which usually raise ethical issues through the risks and dilemma they create need to be balanced or an occurrence of unethical conduct on the side of the project/program managesr become inevitable. In project/program management, ethics stands supreme. This supremacy is necessitated by the aspectsRead MoreApplication Of The Code Of Ethics For Nurses With Interpretative Statements1699 Words   |  7 Pagesone of the cornerstone documents, the Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretative Statements helps to guide the ethical decisions of young and old nurses today (Finkelman Kenner, 2014, p. 22). Nurses will encounter many different ethical dilemmas in the healthcare field and must be prepared. A few dilemmas include active euthanasia, influenza vaccinations, maintaining an ethical environment, keeping patients healthcare information confidential, and continuing education. Nursing and Active Euthanasia

The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert...

Australian Voices in Film: â€Å"The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert† Essay Question: Stereotyping of character representations â€Å"The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert† is a hilarious comedy, brought together brilliantly by writer and director Stephan Elliot. Tick/Mitzi and Adam/Felicia are two drag queens that travel across Australia on a lavender bus with there transsexual friend Ralph/Bernadette. All three challenge the dominant stereotype of the Australian male. Released in 1994, 14 years into the AIDS epidemic, the film had a phenomenal response around the world and in Australia. Travelling from Sydney, the three main characters played by Hugo Weaving, Guy Peirce and Terrance Stamp travel to Alice Springs†¦show more content†¦Mitzi presents another view of gay men. ‘She’ is more embarrassed about being a drag queen, especially in front of ‘her’ son stating â€Å"Sorry about last night. I dont always dress up in womens clothes. I mean dont get the wrong idea. I do lots of different stuff†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ You know, like Elvis and Garry Glitter and†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.† Although in the end ‘she’ loosens up when ‘she’ realizes that ‘her’ son accepts ‘her’ for whom she is. Mitzi. Bob contrasts with the gay characters. He represents a gender binary of masculinity. Bob is an open-minded mechanic that takes a liking to Bernadette. Bob travels with the three on their journey after Priscilla brakes down. He was married to a mail-order wife, a Filipino prostitute that left him during the movie stating that he wasn’t a good husband. During the trip the three main characters stop off in Coober Pedy, a small tough town. Bob goes to the local pub to drink with his mates but Felicia comes along too, dressed as a women. The men at the pub react violently. This is a stereotype about Australian men that are confronted with different types of masculinity. â€Å"The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert† is important to Australian culture not only for a great laugh but because it teaches people that there are many different types of Australian men and to embrace our diversity. Elliot used the AIDS epidemic as inspiration for this movie and did a very goodShow MoreRelatedHow Does Drag Affect Stereotypes About Gay Men And The Adventures Of Priscilla Queen Of The Desert1150 Words   |  5 PagesThanks for Everything, Julie Newmar and The Adventures of Priscilla Queen of the Desert. On the other hand, gender scholars have spent many years debating the origins of modern drag. While some say that modern drag emerged in the late 1900s, others claim that modern drag actually emerged following the Stonewall Riots. (Taylor and Rupp 2003). There is ample literature on drag queens and/or their performances. Many authors write about how drag reinforces stereotypes about gay men, how it can be misogynisticRead MoreReview Of Priscilla Queen Of The Desert 1520 Words   |  7 PagesPRISCILLA QUEEN OF THE DESERT UTEP Dinner Theatre A Theatre Report by Thomas Sanchez. (Tue/Thu 12-1:20) On Oct. 5, 2016 I attended the UTEP Dinner Theatre’s performance of Priscilla Queen of The Desert. Which is based on a book and movie by Stephan Elliott and Allen Scott. The play’s overall theme revolves around the lives of performing show business Drag Queens, and the overall concept of human understanding. The play was produced and directed by Gregory L. Taylor, and performed by a hulled cast